Bevel-wheel-shaping device operating by rolling movements



. h 1,625,722 Apnl 19, ,HARBECK BEVEL WHEEL SHAPING'DEVICE OPERATING BY ROLLING MOVEMENTS Filed Jan. 14, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 'l 19 1927. M. HARBECK BEVEL WHEEL SHAPING DEVICE OPERATING BY ROLLING "OVEMENTS 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 26 Fl (1 J l4, 192"- P7, 5 1 e a? 28 250 19 192 7 M. HARBECK BEVEL WHEEL SHAPING DEVICE OPERATING BY ROLLING MOVEMENTS Filed Jan. 14, 1926 (Sheets-Sheet s 1 v1927'. Apnl M. HARBECK BEVEL WHEEL SHAPING DEVICE OPERATING BY ROLLING MOVEMENTS Filed Jan. 14. 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Apr. 19, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT err-r ce.

MARTIN HARZBECK, or enossrrorrsncn, NEAR HAMBURG, GERMANY, Ass-ration 'ro HEIDENREICH & HAnBnoK, or HAMBURG, GERMANY.

IBEVEL-WHEEL-SHA'PING DEVICE ornanrine BY ROLLING MOVEMENTS.

Application filed January '14, 192$,Serial No. 81,312, and in Germany November '13, 1924.

The invention refers to a bevel wheel shaping machine operating according to the rolling system, in which the producing of the teeth is effected, by the operation of the cutting tool upon the rotating work piece or blank, said tool and blank rotating about their own axes whichare fixed as to space.

In the drawings which illustrate the construction and principle "of operation of a deviceembodying the features of the present invention,

Figures 1 and 2 representrespectively, the ends'of gear teeth contrasting the straight profile produced by known machines of this type (Figure 1), with theoretically correct profile (Figure 2) produced by the machine of the present invention.

Figures 3 and t are sectional views show ing in the former figure a perfect crown wheel having an angle of centerof 180 which it is essential to usei'n producing teeth of correct profile, while Figure 42 shows the approximate crown wheel used in known devices.

Fig. 5 is an elevation of the new machine partly in section, and

Figure 5 is aside elevation of the change wheel and cam disk, and the associated parts.

Fig. *6 a plan of this machine.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the cutter carrying members.

Fig. 8 is a planet the cutter carrier showing. a ram oscillated about the foot of "the wheel to be cut.

Fig. 9 isa front view of thecutter carrier members, and

Fig. 10 is a partly sectional view of the cutter carrier members.

In the known lnachinesof this kind for the producing of the teeth an approximate crown wheel represented or constituted by the shaping cutters has been used. The flanks of teeth produced by these machines exhibit profiling faults (weakness of the addendum and of the dedendum of the tooth), which faults have a very unfavorable influence on the runningof such wheels and the strength of the single flanksofteeth. The larger the dedendum angle of the wheel to be cut is, the larger the profiling faults will be. The cause of such "faulty profiling is to be found in the cutters used, which as illustrated in Fig. 1 of the drawing, are

provided with straight cutting edges a, while by right they ought to haveinvolute cutting edges a, as shown in Fig. 2. However, such a shape of the cutting edge would not alone overcome the difficulty, since 'the involut'e cutting edges should be reduced in running towards-the :cone centerevenly,and this is not practicable. Therefore, it only remains to us'estraig'ht edged cutters. 1

When it is desired to 'cut flanks of teeth without blemish by straight edged cutters it is absolutely necessary, that a crown wheel, that is to say, a bevel wheel having an'angle of center of 180 according to Fig. 3, be used, but not as is the case with "the known shaping machines an approximate crown wheel according to Fig. 4. The *producing of bevel wheels having spiral teeth in the known machines by'lateral displacement of the cutters is also not possible, "when a real crown wheel is used instead ofan approximate crown wheel. In making use of approximate crown wheels not only the faults spoken of above will be met with, but also profile distortions, which can only be avoided by altering the 'cutterangleu, Fig. 1, at every'cut such alteration being subject to'a'special rule. This fault also 'isavoided the momenta real'crown wheel is used, that is to sayin'the moment, where it is possible toadjust the path of the cutter at 'an'angle which is smaller than 90 less the dedendum angle of the wheel to be out to the axis of the crown wheel, so that the pitch cone'of the wheel to be cut is lying in the 180 pitch cone plane of the crown wheel, as will be understood from Fig. 5.

In Fig. 3 the cutter 1 with its fore edge moves along a line A-'B and thus along a cone, and in Fig. 1 it runs along a line AB thus in a plane. In Fig.3 the theoretical pitch cone of the crown wheel represented by theshaping cutters has an angle of center of 180, and in Fig. l of 180 less twice the dedenduin angle a of the wheel 2 to be out.

The object of the present invention now is to adjust andguide the shaping tools or cutters in such way that the pitch cone of the wheel t-o be cut will stand at an angle of'90 to the axis of'the rolling'body, and thus always a correct crown wheel accord ing to Fig. 3 is'usedrepresented bythe shaping cutters. This is eifectetl by making'the shaping cutters adjustable about two axes standing at right angles to or crossing one another.

Referring now in detail to the several fig-v ures and particularly to the apparatus illustrated in Figures 5.to 10, inclusive.

Within the frame or head3, Figs. 5 and 6, a driving shaft 4 is journaled carrying a pulley 4, which shaft by the aid of fixed gears is adapted to drive the change wheels 5, by which the number of strokes is regulated, the rams 6 and 6 through the gear 7, the cam disc 8, the rack 9, the gear 10, the shaft 11 with the universal joint 11 (Fig. 7), the gear 12, the racks 13 and 13, and the sliding blocks 14 and 1 1. Moreover, the automatic parts of the machine arranged within the foundation frame are driven by the usual shaftet, that is to say, the dividing apparatus, the feeding mechanism and the means for producing the necessary rotation (rolling) of the rolling body 15 with the tool head and the dividing head spindle 17 journaled in the dividing head 16, the carrier of the work piece or blank. The axes of the indexing. head and of the tool head in the construction shown are lying at equal height and pass through the centre of the machine. As far as thus described the machine does not .difier from known machines.

The face-plate 18 is attached to the rolling body 15, Figs. 7 and 10, which faceplate 18 in the machines known heretofore is provided directly withthe ram guides which are adjustable to correspond to the thickness of the tooth. In the present case the face-plate serves for carrying the angular guides 19 and 19*, being the bearing for the ram guides 20 and 20 The angular guides are adjusted according to thickness of the teeth by the aid of worms 21 and 21 respectively, Figs. 7 and 9, journaled therein, and by the worm wheels 22 and 22 provided with gears 23 and 23 and the toothed segments 24 and 24Karranged on the plane face 18. The adjustment can be effected by the aid of scales 25 and 26 and 25 and 26* re spectively provided on the angular guides 19 and 19 and on the face-plate 18 respectively. Thus the angular guides can be rotated on the face-plate 18 in the path 39 of a circle about the axis of the rolling body 15 and in the adjusted position they can be locked by being screwed to the face-plate 18 by screws 50.

The ram guides 20 and 20 are also provided with toothed segments 27, Figs. 7 and 8, so that the adjustment to the desired angle corresponding to the dedendum angle of the wheel to be out can be carried out by the aid of worms 28, 28 and worm wheels 29 provided with a gear 30 journaled in the angular guides 19 and 19 according to the scales 30 and 31 and 30 and 31 respectively, which are provided on the angular guides 19 and 19 and the ram guides 20 and 20 re spectively, Fig. 5. The ram guides hereby are rotated in a semi-circular path 36, Fig. 8, concentric to the center of the machine and can be locked in position on the angular guides 19 and 19 by screws 37 projecting through curved slots 38. Since the point C of the shaping cutter must pass through the center of the machine represented by the intersecting lines U-[E and y-y in Figures 5 and (i, it is of importance that the rotation of the ram guides 20 and 2O be effected about the center line of the machine, since only in such case the use of lined gages are practical for adjusting the cutters.

If the center of rotation of the ram guide is, as is not impossible per se, displaced with. regard to the center of the machine, the vertical distance between the center of the inachine and the ram depends on the angle about which the ram guide has been oscillated and the adjustn'lent of the tools must then be etl'ected by gauges which can be regulated to such variations of the said distance.

The object aimed at according to the invention which is to enable the adjustment the proper crown wheel or face plate represented by the planing tools of each conical wheel possible, may thus be carried out in two diiferent ways, either by adjusting the ram guides and thus also the planing tools about the vertical machine axis in which the machine center is lying, or about a vertical axis cutting the horizontal axis. While in the first case fixed gauges can be used in the latter case the adjustable gauges must be altered or adjusted to correspond to the amount the distance from the center of the machine to the front edge of the rain guide has been changed. In the ram guides 20 and 20 the rams 6 and (5 are adapted to move which carry the tool holders 32 and 32 of the tools or cutters 33 and 33.

Special care must be taken to the drive of the rams 6 and 6, the angular position of which is adjustable with respect to the plane wheel axis and therefore requires a drive, which automatically must adjust itself for the divers conditions. With this object in view, the racks 13 and 13 are situated in the angular guides 19 and 19 at 40 and 40 respectively, and are provided with studs 41, on which are mounted cylindrical drivers 3st and 34 flattened on two sides, Fig. 10, the axis of which is at right angles to the adjusting plane of the ram guides. These drivers allow the slide blocks 14 and 14; surrounding them to adjust themselves to the corresponding foot angle of the wheel to be cut. When the machine is running the slide blocks slide in the corresponding slotted members 42 firmly connected with the rams 6 and 6 that is to say parallel to the adjusting plane of the ram guides. By this arrangement it is possible to drive the rams at every angular adjustment of the angular guides and the ram guides without necessitating a special adjusting of the drive.

The producing of the correctly profiled spiral bevel wheels on the bevel wheel shaping machine as described is enabled only by the described cutter head. It is 01 importance that all complicated calculation which would take a long time is avoided, because the adjustment of the machine for spiral cutting is the same as for cutting straight teeth, the only difierence being a radial adjustment of the plane wheel with regard to the rolling body 15. The faceplate 18 therefore has a guide 10 within the rolling body and its position can be regulated by the aid of a screw spindle 35. It is firmly connected by screws by the rolling body.

I claim 1. A bevel wheel shaping machine operating by rolling movement of the blank, comprising a blank carrier and cutters, both adapted to rotate about axes fixed as to space, means for adjusting the cutters of two intersecting axes including a face plate, angular guides adjustable in a circular path on said face plate, ram guides carried by said angular guides and adjustable with-respect to the angular guides in paths concentric to an axis intersecting the central axis of the face plate, and rams reciprocable in said guides, upon which rams said cutters are mounted.

2. A bevel wheel shaping machine as claimed in claim 1, having racks for moving the rams within said ram guides, a gear in mesh with said racks, a shaft passing centrally through the face plate upon which said gear is mounted, studs carried by said racks, cylindrical drivers having flattened parts on two sides and positioned at right angles to the adjusting plane of the ram guides, sliding blocks surrounding said drivers, and slotted members in which said blocks are adapted to slide parallel to the adjusting plane of the ram guides.

3. A bevel wheel shaping machine as claimed in claim 1, in which the face plate is eccentrically adjustable on the rolling body.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

MARTIN HARBECK. 

